Winter Injuries: Prevention, First Aid & When to Seek Help

Winter brings snow and fun — and a higher risk of injuries. Slips, frostbite, hypothermia, sprains and broken bones show up fast when temperatures drop. This guide gives clear, useful steps you can use right away: how to avoid common winter injuries, what to do on the spot, and when to get medical help.

Common winter injuries and what to watch for

Slips and falls are the most common. If you land and feel sharp pain, swelling, or can’t put weight on the leg, suspect a sprain or fracture. For head hits, dizziness, vomiting, confusion, or loss of consciousness needs emergency care.

Frostbite starts as numb, pale skin—usually fingers, toes, nose or ears. Skin may turn gray or waxy and feel hard. Blisters can form later. Hypothermia is when body temperature drops: severe shivering, slow speech, clumsiness, drowsiness or confusion are red flags.

Shoveling and heavy snow work can trigger chest pain or shortness of breath, especially in people with heart problems. Sledding and ice sports cause cuts, broken bones, and head injuries if you don’t use a helmet.

Quick first aid and prevention tips you can use today

For slips and sprains: stop moving, assess pain, and use the RICE approach — Rest, Ice (20 minutes on, 20 off), Compression with a wrap, and Elevation above the heart. If you suspect a broken bone (visible deformity, intense pain, loss of function), immobilize the limb and get to urgent care or the ER.

For frostbite: get indoors, remove wet clothing, don’t rub the area, and warm it gently with body heat or warm (not hot) water — around 37–39°C (99–102°F). Avoid direct heat like a stove or heating pad. Seek medical care for deep or widespread frostbite, or if blisters appear.

For hypothermia: move the person to a warm place, remove wet clothes, wrap in blankets or a sleeping bag, and give warm (not hot) sugary drinks if they’re awake and alert. If they’re very drowsy, confused, or stop shivering, call emergency services right away.

Prevention beats treatment: wear layered clothing that traps air, waterproof outer layers, hats and gloves. Choose footwear with good traction and consider ice cleats. Keep walkways clear, use salt or sand on entry paths, and take small steps on slick surfaces. Don’t rush. Use handrails on stairs and avoid carrying loads that block your view.

For chores like shoveling: warm up first, lift with your legs, take frequent breaks, and know your limits. Older adults or people with heart disease should avoid heavy snow removal or ask for help.

Pack a simple winter first-aid kit: warm blanket, hand warmers, sterile dressings, an elastic bandage, a small cold pack, and a phone charger. If you’re ever unsure about the severity of an injury or symptoms get worse, call emergency services or go to urgent care. Quick action can prevent a small winter problem from becoming a serious one.

How to Treat Abrasions in Cold Weather

How to Treat Abrasions in Cold Weather

During the cold weather, treating abrasions can be a bit more challenging, but it's crucial to ensure proper healing. First, always clean the wound thoroughly with mild soap and water to prevent infection. Next, apply an antibiotic ointment to keep the area moist and protected. Then, cover the abrasion with a breathable bandage and change it daily, or when it becomes wet. Lastly, make sure to keep the wounded area warm and dry, as cold temperatures can slow down the healing process.

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