Enzalutamide: What You Need to Know

A single pill can change the course of advanced prostate cancer — that’s what enzalutamide offers many patients. If you or someone you care for is facing hormone-driven prostate cancer, enzalutamide is a drug you'll see mentioned often. This tag page gives clear, practical info so you can understand what it does, how it's used, and what to watch for.

How enzalutamide works

Enzalutamide blocks androgen receptors in prostate cancer cells so testosterone can't fuel tumor growth. Unlike older drugs that lower hormone levels, enzalutamide stops the cancer from using the hormone. Doctors prescribe it for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and sometimes earlier in advanced disease. It comes as an oral tablet taken daily, which makes it easier than frequent clinic visits for infusion treatments.

What to watch for and practical tips

Common side effects are fatigue, hot flashes, headache, and high blood pressure. Some people notice trouble concentrating or mood changes. A small number can have seizures — tell your doctor right away about any fainting or jerking episodes. Your care team will check blood pressure and liver tests periodically and ask about other medicines you take, because enzalutamide affects many drug levels.

Don't stop enzalutamide suddenly without medical advice. Missing doses can reduce effectiveness, and sudden changes might cause symptoms. If you have a history of seizures, brain injury, or are taking drugs that lower seizure threshold, discuss alternatives. Women who are pregnant or could become pregnant should avoid handling broken tablets — enzalutamide can harm a fetus.

Cost and access vary. Many insurance plans cover enzalutamide, but copays can be high. Ask about manufacturer patient-assistance programs or generic options if available. Pharmacists can help check interactions and advise on taking it with or without food. Typically it's taken once daily, and swallowing whole tablets is recommended.

How long will someone take it? That depends on response and side effects. Doctors monitor PSA levels, imaging scans, and symptoms. If the cancer progresses, the team may switch therapies or add treatments. Newer options and combinations are studied all the time, so ask your oncologist about clinical trials if standard choices become limited.

Enzalutamide is often given with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) — a drug or surgery that lowers testosterone. Combining these approaches gives better control for many patients. Avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice because they can change how the drug is processed. If you plan to travel, carry a medication list and a letter from your doctor for airport security. Plan ahead for refills so you don't miss doses while away. Ask your care team these questions: What side effects should trigger a call? How often will labs be drawn? Are there clinical trials nearby? Keeping a log of symptoms and medications helps your doctor make decisions.

Want more practical reads? Check patient guides on starting androgen-targeted therapy, tips for managing fatigue and cognitive changes, and articles comparing alternatives. This tag groups those resources so you can find details, safety tips, and real-world advice in one place.