Cefuroxime — what it treats and how to use it safely

Cefuroxime is a cephalosporin antibiotic you’ve probably heard of if you’ve had a bad ear infection, sinusitis, or a skin infection. It comes in pill form (cefuroxime axetil), an oral suspension for kids, and an injectable form (cefuroxime sodium) for hospital use. It’s often chosen because it works against a wide range of common bacteria and is generally well tolerated.

When doctors prescribe cefuroxime

Doctors use cefuroxime for upper and lower respiratory infections (like bronchitis, sinusitis, and pneumonia), ear infections, skin and soft tissue infections, urinary tract infections, and even early Lyme disease. The injectable form is used for more serious infections or when someone can’t take pills. It’s not effective against viruses, so it won’t help with the common cold or most sore throats caused by viruses.

Practical dose info and administration tips

Typical oral dosing for adults is 250–500 mg twice daily for routine infections. For more severe infections, doctors may use higher doses or the IV form in hospital settings. Children get a weight-based dose—follow the prescription carefully. If you’re using the liquid suspension, shake well and store it as the label says (many need refrigeration after mixing and must be used within 10–14 days).

Take the oral tablet with food to boost absorption. Finish the full course even if you feel better, unless your doctor tells you otherwise. Stopping early can let the infection come back and helps bacteria develop resistance.

Side effects are usually mild: stomach upset, diarrhea, nausea, and sometimes a rash. If diarrhea is severe or persistent, tell your doctor—antibiotics can trigger Clostridioides difficile in some people. Allergic reactions are possible: hives, swelling, or breathing trouble mean seek emergency care. If you’ve had a severe reaction to penicillin before, mention it—cross-reaction risk is low but not zero.

Drug interactions and precautions: tell your provider about kidney problems, since doses may need adjustment. Also share any other medicines you take—some drugs and supplements can interact. Pregnant or breastfeeding? Cefuroxime is commonly used in pregnancy when needed, but check with your clinician first.

Antibiotic stewardship matters. Don’t pressure clinicians for antibiotics when they’re likely viral. Use cefuroxime only as prescribed, don’t double up missed doses, and ask questions if you’re unsure how long to take it.

When to call your doctor: high fever, spreading redness, severe belly pain, bloody diarrhea, swelling, or any signs of an allergic reaction. If symptoms don’t improve after a few days on treatment, follow up—sometimes tests or a different antibiotic are needed.

Short and practical: know the form you have (tablet, liquid, or IV), take it as directed, watch for side effects, and finish the course. Ask your provider or pharmacist for any specifics about dosing, storage, or interactions for your situation.